Artificial Nutrition, also known as enteral or Parenteral Nutrition, carries certain risks. Some of the potential risks associated with Artificial Nutrition include:
- Infection: The use of feeding tubes increases the risk of infections, such as pneumonia and sepsis. These infections can be life-threatening, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems.
- Gastrointestinal problems: Feeding tubes can cause gastrointestinal problems, such as constipation, diarrhoea, and nausea, for more about nausea see our post ‘Risk of Nausea on TPN’.
- Metabolic imbalances: Artificial Nutrition can cause metabolic imbalances, such as hyperglycaemia (high blood sugar), electrolyte imbalances, and liver dysfunction.
- Fluid overload: Administration of too much fluid can lead to fluid overload, which can result in heart failure, pulmonary edema, and other complications.
- Mechanical complications: Feeding tubes can become dislodged or obstructed, causing pain, discomfort, and potentially life-threatening complications.
- Allergic reactions: Some individuals may be allergic to the components of Artificial Nutrition, leading to allergic reactions.
- Re-feeding syndrome: This is a potentially life-threatening complication that can occur in individuals who are malnourished and receive Artificial Nutrition. It occurs when the body responds to sudden influxes of nutrients by releasing insulin, which can cause a drop in electrolyte levels and lead to heart failure, seizures, and other complications.
It is important to note that the benefits of Artificial Nutrition may outweigh the risks for individuals who are unable to meet their nutritional needs through oral intake alone. However, it is essential to carefully monitor individuals receiving Artificial Nutrition and promptly address any complications that arise.
